Table 2 Heart failure disease management scoring instrument (HF-DMSI)

Recipient

1 = Provider alone

2 = Patient alone

3 = Patient with some inclusion of caregiver

4 = Patient with a caregiver who is central to the intervention

Intervention content

Education and counselling aimed at supporting self-care

0 = No mention of education

1 = Focus solely on importance of treatment adherence

2 = Focus on treatment adherence including some creative methods of improving adherence

3 = Focus on surveillance but no mention of actions to be taken in response to symptoms (eg, no flexible diuretic management)

4 = Emphasis on surveillance, management, and evaluation of symptoms in addition to treatment adherence

Medication management

0 = No mention of medication regimen

1 = Some mention of medications (eg, importance of medication compliance) but not an active part of the intervention. No attempt to intervene with provider to get patients on an evidence-based medication regimen

2 = Evidence-based medication regimen advocated but no follow-up with patient or provider to monitor the suggestion

3 = Medication regimen monitored, attempt made to get the patient on evidence-based medications, with follow-up monitoring done with patient or provider

Social support Peer support

0 = No mention of a peer support intervention

1 = Peer support mentioned but not integral to intervention

2 = Peer support integral component of intervention

Surveillance by provider:

Remote monitoring

0 = No use of remote monitoring or telehealth

1 = Remote monitoring is used in conjunction with other interventions that form the main intervention used

2 = Telehealth is essential component of intervention

Delivery personnel

1 = Single generalist provider (eg, physician, nurse, pharmacist)

2 = Single HF expert provider (eg, physician, nurse, pharmacist)

3 = Multidisciplinary intervention

Method of communication

1 = Mechanized via internet or telephone

2 = Person-to-person by telephone

3 = Face-to-face, individual, or in a group

4 = Combined: Face-to-face at least once alone or in a group with individual telephone calls in between meetings

Intensity and complexity

Duration

1 = ≤1 mo

2 = ≤3 mo

3 = ≤6 mo

4= > 6 mo

Complexity

1 = Low: single contact with little or no follow-up

2 = Moderate: >1 but <4 and/or infrequent contact or contacts of short duration

3 = High: multiple contacts of significant duration

Environment

1 = Hospital: Inpatient only

2 = Clinic/outpatient setting

3 = Home-based

4 = Combination of settings