Table 1 Principal characteristics for hospital admission according to the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) isolates. Barcelona (Spain), 2005–2006 (n = 402)
From: Hospital costs of nosocomial multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition
Non-resistant PA | Resistant PA | Multi-drug resistant PA | P * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 149 (37.1%) | N = 119 (29.6%) | N = 134 (33.3%) | ||
YEAR | ||||
2005 | 77 (51.7) | 60 (50.4) | 78 (58.2) | 0.402 |
2006 | 72 (48.3) | 59 (49.6) | 56 (41.8) | |
PATIENT VARIABLES | ||||
Male sex, n (%) | 87 (58.4) | 80 (67.2) | 100 (74.6) | 0.015 |
Age, years | ||||
Mean (sd) | 68.6 (17.0) | 67.4 (17.0) | 67.4 (13.7) | 0.348** |
Median | 71.0 | 73.0 | 70.5 | |
Clinical conditions, n (%) | ||||
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 33 (22.1) | 30 (25.2) | 40 (29.9) | 0.332 |
Solid neoplasia | 41 (27.5) | 25 (21.0) | 27 (20.1) | 0.289 |
Diabetes mellitus | 26 (17.4) | 28 (23.5) | 23 (17.2) | 0.364 |
Renal disease | 15 (10.1) | 5 (4.2) | 19 (14.2) | 0.021 |
Liver disease | 10 (6.7) | 10 (8.4) | 17 (12.7) | 0.216 |
HIV infection | 6 (4.0) | 4 (3.4) | 4 (3.0) | 0.942 |
Hematological neoplasia | 5 (3.4) | 4 (3.4) | 4 (3.0) | 1.000 |
Chemotherapy | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (2.2) | 0.531 |
Source of infection | ||||
Respiratory | 64 (42.9) | 57 (47.9) | 63 (47.0) | 0.677 |
Skin & soft tissue | 41 (27.5) | 32 (26.9) | 23 (17.2) | 0.076 |
Genitourinary | 26 (17.5) | 15 (12.6) | 27 (20.2) | 0.275 |
Catheter | 7 (4.7) | 3 (2.5) | 9 (6.7) | 0.306 |
Endovascular | 2 (1.3) | 7 (5.9) | 7 (5.2) | 0.099 |
Abscess | 3 (2.0) | 5 (4.2) | 1 (0.8) | 0.184 |
Peritonitis | 3 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.5) | 0.386 |
Digestive | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0.779 |
Others | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1.000 |
Underlying illness severity score | ||||
1-3 | 112 (77.8) | 62 (56.9) | 68 (53.5) | <0.001 |
4 | 32 (22.1) | 47 (41.2) | 59 (45.0) | |
HOSPITALIZATION VARIABLES | ||||
Previous hospitalization, n (%) | ||||
None | 68 (45.6) | 39 (32.8) | 42 (31.3) | 0.068 |
1 | 28 (18.8) | 22 (18.5) | 21 (15.7) | |
2 | 20 (13.4) | 20 (16.8) | 20 (14.9) | |
> = 3 | 33 (22.1) | 38 (31.9) | 51 (38.1) | |
Invasive devices or procedures, n (%) | ||||
Mechanical ventilation | 9 (6.0) | 29 (24.4) | 31 (23.1) | <0.001 |
Hemodialisys | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.7) | 8 (6.0) | 0.002 |
Bronchoscopy | 13 (8.7) | 12 (10.1) | 23 (17.2) | 0.080 |
Digestive endoscopy | 12 (8.1) | 6 (5.0) | 12 (9.0) | 0.479 |
Surgery | 91 (61.1) | 74 (62.2) | 80 (59.7) | 0.917 |
Previous ICU stay (yes), n (%) | 18 (12.1) | 40 (33.6) | 34 (25.4) | <0.001 |
LOS before detection, days | ||||
Mean (sd) | 12.9 (10.0) | 17.9 (15.5) | 21.9 (14.9) | <0.001** |
Median | 10.0 | 14.0 | 18.0 | |
Total LOS, days | ||||
Mean (sd) | 25.1 (16.1) | 39.0 (30.3) | 45.7 (29.1) | <0.001** |
Median | 20.0 | 30.0 | 39.0 | |
Previous antibiotic therapy, n (%) | ||||
None | 69 (46.3) | 25 (21.0) | 15 (11.2) | <0.001 |
No anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa drugs | 60 (40.3) | 40 (33.6) | 25 (18.7) | |
Anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa drugs | 20 (13.4) | 54 (45.4) | 94 (70.1) | |
In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 19 (12.8) | 26 (21.8) | 33 (24.6) | 0.026 |