Table 1 Constructs, facets, and measurement tools in OMAHA

Long-standing or chronic disease

Minimum European Health Module (MEHM)[31, 32]

Diseases and health problems

Closed-ended questions on medical conditions and health problems (cf. Figure 2) ^a

Operations

Open-ended questions for surgery since age 40, followed by closed-ended questions ^a

Regular medication

Closed-ended question ^a

Depression

Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ2/9)[33, 34]

Medication

Barcode scanning and assessment of currently used medication[20]

Falls

Closed-ended questions according to[35]

Fractures

List ^a

Medical care

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Blood pressure

Blood pressure meter ^b

Weight

Electronic scales ^c

Height

Portable stadiometer ^d

Circumference of waist, calf, arm

Flexible measuring tape ^e

Quality of Life

Self-rated overall health

Minimum European Health Module (MEHM; also question 2 in SF-36)[31, 32]

Global life-satisfaction

Single question ^a

Global life-satisfaction

Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)[36]

Global life-satisfaction

Fragebogen zur Lebensqualität multimorbider älterer Menschen (FLQM)[37]

Subjective well-being

International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (IPANAS)[38, 39]

Comparative self-rated overall health

Closed-ended questions ^a

Health-related quality of life

EQ-5D[40, 41]

Subjective well-being

Vitality sub-scale of SF-36[42, 43]

Pain

Questions 7 and 8 of SF-36; adapted time-frame[42, 43]

Autonomy

Limitations due to health problem

Minimum European Health Module (MEHM)[31, 32]

Need for assistance

Closed-ended questions modified from[44]

Functional health I: ADL

According to Katz[45, 46]

Functional health I: IADL

According to Lawton & Brody[47, 48]

Functional health II: Functional limitations

Closed-ended questions adapted from[32]

Autonomy

Wahrgenommene Autonomie im Alter (WAA)[49]

Resources (incl. Socio-Demography) and Performance Tests

Year of birth

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Gender

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Marital status

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Education and employment

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Net household income

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Household size

Closed-ended questions [24]

Number of and contact with children

Closed-ended questions[44]

Religion

Closed-ended question [50]

Migration

According to Schenk et al.[51]

Health insurance

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Nursing care level

Closed-ended question ^a

Housing and environment

Mannheimer Inventar der Lebensverhältnisse im Alter (MILVA), subscale, housing'[52]

Social contacts

Mannheimer Inventar der Lebensverhältnisse im Alter (MILVA), subscale, contacts'[52]

Social support

Berliner Social Support Scales (BSSS)[53]

Nutrition

Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)[54]

Changes in height and weight

Open-ended questions ^a

Healthcare products

List ^a

Alcohol consumption

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C)[55, 56]

Smoking

According to German National Health Interview and Examination Survey[30]

Medication addiction

Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS)[57, 58]

Physical activity

Closed-ended questions ^a

Activities

List ^a

Critical life-events

List following[59]

Coping

Proactive Coping Inventory PCI[15]

Cognitive function: Episodic memory

Memory Impairment Screen (MIS)[26, 60, 61]

Cognitive function: Verbal fluency

Verbal fluency subtest of the CERAD test battery[62, 63]

Cognitive function: psychomotor speed

Digit symbol substitution test of WAIS (adapted German version from BASE)[64, 65]

Cognitive function: Temporal orientation

Subscale orientation of the ADAScog[26, 66]

Grip Strength

Smedley dynamometer[67, 68]

Functional Mobility

Timed Up and Go-Test[27]

Lower extremity function

Chair-Rise-Test[28]

Balance

According to Guralnik[29]