| Cohort (n = 9573) |  | |
---|---|---|---|
 | No fixed obstruction | Fixed obstruction | p value |
Characteristic* | (FEV1/FVC > 0.70) | (FEV1/FVC ≤ 0.70) |  |
Subjects, n | 5009 | 4564 | Â |
Male, n (%) | 4567 (91) | 4435 (97) | <0.001 |
Age, years | 59 (14) | 66 (11) | <0.001 |
Body Mass Index, n (%) | Â | Â | <0.001 |
   15-18.5 | 29 (0.6) | 135 (3.0) |  |
   18.5-25 | 714 (14) | 1352 (30) |  |
   25-30 | 1664 (33) | 1654 (36) |  |
   30-55 | 2602 (52) | 1423 (31) |  |
Comorbidities, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   Hypertension | 2667 (53) | 2402 (53) | 0.55 |
   Diabetes | 1174 (23) | 792 (17) | <0.001 |
   Congestive heart failure | 533 (11) | 517 (11) | 0.28 |
   Myocardial infarction | 101 (2) | 113 (2.5) | 0.13 |
   Atrial fibrillation | 504 (10) | 496 (11) | 0.20 |
   Depression | 1176 (23) | 858 (19) | <0.001 |
   Schizophrenia | 92 (1.8) | 85 (1.9) | 0.93 |
Smoking status, n (%) | Â | Â | <0.001 |
   Never/Former | 3616 (72) | 2633 (58) |  |
   Current | 1393 (28) | 1931 (42) |  |
FEV1, L, mean (SD) | 2.74 (0.81) | 1.74 (0.74) | <0.001 |
FEV1, % predicted, mean (SD) | 80 (40) | 54 (19) | <0.001 |
Severity of airflow limitation (FEV1, % predicted), n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   GOLD I: Mild (≥80%) | - | 458 (10) |  |
   GOLD II: Moderate (50%-79%) | - | 2202 (48) |  |
   GOLD III: Severe (30%-49%) | - | 1362 (30) |  |
   GOLD IV: Very severe (<30%) | - | 541 (12) |  |
Number of albuterol MDI, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
   0 | 2925 (58) | 1789 (39) |  |
   1-5 | 1053 (21) | 872 (19) |  |
   6+ | 1031 (21) | 1903 (42) |  |
Number of ipratroprium MDI, n (%) | Â | Â | <0.001 |
   0 | 3936 (79) | 2086 (46) |  |
   1-2 | 159 (3) | 219 (5) |  |
   3+ | 914 (18) | 2259 (50) |  |