From: Distance matters: a population based study examining access to maternity services for rural women
 | Primary Cesarean section1 N = 43,122 | Induction of Labour2 N = 44,677 | Out of Hospital Deliveries3 N = 49,402 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI |
Step 1: Maternal Risk Factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Maternal Age < 16 or > 35 | 1.72 | (1.60, 1.85) *** | 1.08 | (1.01, 1.15) * | 0.94 | (0.61, 1.45) |
   Nulliparity | 5.50 | (5.18, 5.83) *** | 1.31 | (1.26, 1.37) *** | 0.30 | (0.20, 0.46) *** |
Step 2: Ecological Determinants | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Social vulnerability | 1.09 | (0.99, 1.20) | 0.84 | (0.78, 0.91) *** | 0.49 | (0.29, 0.83)** |
   Proportion Aboriginal | 1.25 | (0.91, 1.71) | 0.81 | (0.63, 1.06) | 4.79 | (1.48, 15.53)** |
Step 3: Obstetric Service Level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Level 1 | 0.67 | (0.49, 0.90) ** | 0.74 | (0.57, 0.95) * | 3.63 | (1.40, 9.40) ** |
   Level 2 | 0.78 | (0.61, 0.98) * | 1.34 | (1.13, 1.59) ** | 0.92 | (0.22, 3.88) |
   Level 3 | 0.78 | (0.65, 0.94) ** | 1.01 | (0.87, 1.17) | 6.41 | (3.69, 11.28) *** |
   Level 4 | 0.89 | (0.83, 0.96) ** | 0.91 | (0.86, 0.97) ** | 1.40 | (0.89, 2.20) |
   Level 5 | 0.92 | (0.85, 1.00) * | 1.05 | (0.98, 1.12) | 0.99 | (0.57, 1.73) |